My Friend, Chris Essay -- essays research papers

There are many people in this world who hold great reputations. There are far fewer people who posess great character. A reputation is built in just moments, and reflects what you do in front of people. Character, on the other hand, is built over years, and is reflected in what is unseen by others. Of all of my friends, one exemplifies great character more than any of the others. His name is Chris. Chris stands a little over 6 feet tall with thick, dirty blonde hair. His piercing blue eyes change color in the sunlight. He is very light complected, with a small amount of facial hair on the base of his chin. His long sideburns grow down the length of his ear. He is one of those adventurous guys who does things that I would never dream of doing. Realizing that life is short, his ambition is to make the most out of life that he possibly can. Chris has influenced me more than any other person on the campus. He did this by making me believe in who I really am.  « Always remember that life is what you make of it. You have the chance to become whatever you desire – it’s a gift that God gives you,  » he told me once.  «Some people spend their lives blaming others for their problems. Its far better to spend time and energy searching for answers -- instead of pointing fingers.  »   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of his great attributes is shown in the fact that he tries to cheer people up and make them laugh while they are experiencing great emotional stress or pain. He is known to play some great practical jokes on friends just to brighten their day. He once called a friend who was going through some personal problems and told him that he was being investigated by the Humane Society for animal cruelty. Chris even involved many of his fellow workers in the joke. Unfortunately, they forgot to tell the man that they were joking! Later that night, he remembered to explain to the man about the joke. Fearing that his friend would be upset, he sheepishly told him about his little endeavor. The man, instead of being angry, showed great relief. He even thanked Chris for what he did. The man said that it made him realize how unimportant his problems really were.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚ « I guess that I did go a little too far with that one,  « He said.  «But in the end, it all sort of worked out for the good -- thank God !  » While he has an incredible sense of humor, ... ...s of this world.  » This world is not his home, but a place where he can be a servant to those around him. Even during difficult times, he considers his weakness a strength.  « The Bible says that God’s grace is sufficient for us, because his strength is made perfect in weakness,  » he explained.  « I believe that God comes through for us when we can’t come through for ourselves. It gives God a chance to demonstrate the power of his great love.  » Because of such displays of true christian character, Chris has influenced me throughout my freshman year of college more than anyone else. He has made me learn that anyone can turn their life around -- if they would only rely on Jesus Christ and surrender their will to him. Chris believes that with all of his heart. Every once and a while, you meet one of those special people that you will remember throughout your entire life. These type of people are natural born leaders. They are builders, not of just brick and mortar, but of the human heart. They build you up when others tear you down. Just when you feel like giving up on society, someone does something that shows that there are still great people out there. Chris is one of those people.

Ethical Audit Report of Tesco

1. 0 Introduction According to Mamoria (2010), business ethics is defined as the businessman's integrity so far as his conduct or behaviour is concerned in all fields of business as well as towards the society and other businesses. Thus, the conduct or behaviour by businessman towards the society or others may have some conflicts and contradictions. The intention of this report is to highlight what and why the incidents happened. The incidents include the employment of illegal workers, price fixing, and poor product quality.All these incidents tend to spoil the corporate’ image of the company and also bring harmful effect to the communities and other stakeholders. So, Tesco took action by compensating to the victims, restructured corporate management system for better performances, and provided training programme and learning course for the employee. The ethical theories applicable to Tesco include Ethics of Justice, Ethics of Duty, and Feminist Ethics, which will also be disc ussed in this report. Related article: How Tesco Communicates With CustomersIn addition, the organization’s best practices and values such as corporate social responsibility and protecting the environment will also be discussed for the close up of this report. 1. 1 Background of Tesco Tesco, one of the largest retailers in the world started its business in 1919. The Founder, Jack Cohen started a grocery stall in East End of London. He made a profit of ? 1 from sales of ? 4 on his first day. After 5 years, in 1924. Mr. Cohen bought a shipment of tea from Mr. T. E. Stockwell where the â€Å"Tesco† brand first appearance.Tesco expanded its business to petrol station in 1974, and became the UK’s largest independent petrol retailer. It generated a total sales topped ? 1bn and doubled up to ? 2bn in 1982. In order to overtake the UK’s leading grocer in 1990, Tesco made an aggressive marketing campaign to open more stores to gain its businesses. In 2000, Tesco continued to expand its business by product range from clothes to electrical and personal finance products when Tesco. com was launched (www. telegraph. co. uk). For more detail on its corporate background, kindly refer to Appendix I. 2. 0 Ethical DilemmasEthics in general and ethics in business are very intimate to one another. Therefore one's personal ethics cannot be completely separated from one's business or organizational ethics. If you are a man of principles, then you are more inclined to insist on high moral standards in your business and organizations (Gavai, 2010). No matter how strong the corporate policy and system, ethical dilemmas still exist as everyone is looking for their own interest. Tesco, one of the biggest retailers in worldwide also faces the same problems such as illegal workers, price fixing and poor product quality. . 1 Illegal Workers Tesco was caught for hiring 30 illegal workers who were foreign students at one of its warehouses. These students were from 11 different nationali ties; mostly Bangladeshi and Indian origins were alleged for working up to 3? times longer than their allowed working hour in visa permit (www. visabureau. com). They worked as much as 50 hours extra than the allowed hours of 20 hours per week. This incident happened after the UK border Agency enforcement team visited their factory on July 2012 in Croydon (www. immigrationmatters. co. uk).The retailer took responsibilities by giving corporation to the investigation as they insisted they did not condone illegal working (www. telegraph. co. uk). Anyhow, employees were considered the victims in this incident as they had not been protected by the company’s employment rules, where they were forced to work for extra hours. They faced big losses such as inability to further education and having a work-life balance. Employer did not protect for employee welfare, they abused employee right to work extra which prompted to product high productivity, maximize the profit margin by saving cost of employee salary.Supplier played a key role in this scenario, as it was the only party to transform information between the employers and the employee while in the process of recruitment. In fact, there was wrong information sending either to the employer or the employee. 2. 2 Price Fixing Tesco was accused in the scandal of the pricing fixing on its dairy products such as cheese and milk. The consumers from the Office of Fair Trading in UK reported that Tesco had charged them an additional of approximately ? 270M between years 2002-2003.The huge amount was accumulated from 3 pence extra for a pint of milk, 15 penny extra for each quarter-pound of butter and the same amount per half-pound of cheese for every single purchased together with another 8 firms were implicated in the collusion (www. dailymail. co. uk). They were caught by breaching the competition act in synchronising the increased price with other competitors for certain dairy products. However, Tesco’s comp etitors had admitted and OFT had been given discount on the fined amount as they had given cooperation in the investigation.When the corporations did not practice fair competition which comply with the competition law, consumers were the victims because they did not protect in fair trading. This is clearly a strong violation of consumers’ rights (www. savistamagazine. com). Shareholders in the corporations basically earned extra profits in this scenario. Whereas, this practices was not encouraged as they must obey the corporate law which was stated in the Corporate Governance. Government department plays a key role in this embarrass scenario; their intention was to protect the consumers.Their penalty towards the corporations sent a clear signal to them not to violate consumers’ rights. In fact, families in UK suffering big loss of expensed extra for the daily goods in unknowingly. They should be protected under the fair trading policy which ensured them to trade in wor thiness. 2. 3 Poor Product Quality Tesco also received a punishment from the Bracknell Magistrate Court for selling 127 outdated foods in the Martins Heron branch on May 2011. The foods included beef-burgers, ham and chocolate cheesecake. This incident happened when a girl fell sick after consuming chargrilled chicken pasta salad.This prompted Bracknell Forest Trading Standards officers to investigate the matter after receiving the complaint. The officers found that the foods had expired for 16 days during a visit to the store (www. getreading. co. uk). Trading Standards officers commented this matter as the â€Å"worst case of out-of- date product† that they had ever seen (www. mirror. co. uk). The irresponsible behavior acted by the management of Tesco was strongly affected to the public health. It also brought suffer to the consumers from physically and mentality. The shareholders were also facing lost when the management was careless in managing the stocks.Besides the abo ve, Tesco was discovered for selling 100 expired food products which included yoghurts, fruit smoothies, soup, gravy, vegetable pakoras, packaged salad, pasta bowls, samosa and bhaji snack packs and guacomole dip. These items were past their sell-by-dated of between 1 to 17 days. The occurrence was engaged by a manager who had 20 years experience but his first time to manage the largest store chain, Tesco Extra. Shoppers had complaint about the poor problems to the Coventry City Council and the trading standards officers had proven the issues after their raids at the branch in Gielgud Way, Walsgrave in November 2009 (www. oventrytelegraph. net) 3. 0 Actions taken to solve these dilemmas According to the Merriam Webster Dictionary, dilemmas are situations or problems where a person has to make a difficult choice; an ethical dilemma is a problem where a person has to choose between a moral and an immoral act (smallbusiness. chron. com). Dilemma occurrences in the workplace are common and action taken to solve them is very important, whereas theory of ethics can be applied as guidelines which may bring the moral decision. 3. 1 Reinforce in recruitment and management system Tesco was fined for a total of ? 15,000 by UK Border Agency (UKBA) for 23 students, of various nationalities who had breached the visa working terms (www. telegraph. co. uk). UKBA was reflecting UK government’s intention into act which has promised to overwhelm on visa abuse. The 23 individuals were not permitted to enter UK again (www. visabureau. com). The Britain’s biggest supermarket had ensured that the incident in this nature will never happen again. One of the executive had been laid off after the lacklustre performance (www. telegraph. co. uk). Tesco was a founder member of Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI).They searched employee with high standard by applying the ETI base code which included; no exploitation of child labour, working hours not exceeding (20 hours per week f or foreign workers) and regular employment is provided (www. tesco. ie). However, the government had carried out a good job by taking serious action against any employers who had breached the visa working terms. After the fined it brought a â€Å"warning† to the competitors and simultaneously as a reminder to them to have good ethical practice while in competition. Nobody is allowed to breach the rules in order to obtain success in competition.In addition, after UKBA taken action against the employer, the rest employees will enjoy the benefits which to work in regularly, fair treated, feel protected and concerned by the government. Employer was ensured that the management system been improved after laid off an employee who made mistake. Employer was informed to put employee’s welfares as priority. 3. 2 Defending the rights Tesco was slapped with the fined of ? 10m for price-fixing of its dairy products by the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) in 2011 after seven years of in vestigation. However, they threatened to fight back by taking legal action against OFT to defend themselves.The company claimed they were â€Å"surprised and dismayed† with the fined and strongly denied with any collusion in changing pricing detail with each other via the dairy processors. Tesco stand at its point vigorously and throughout the court. However, it had urged the government to deprive OFT of its power to investigate and punish firms under the competition act (www. mirror. co. uk). The intention of OFT was to alert the industries that the competition laws was enforced in ensuring the shopper in a fair trade condition. Hence, after the punishments were sent, it was ensure that the competition was maintained under the competition laws.Furthermore, competitors were only able to divulge information to each other via dairy suppliers. Suppliers were also not been honest in this incident. Suppliers did not bear responsibility of providing high quality products with reaso nable prices where the consumers are able enjoy the benefits. Thus, suppliers being fined by the OFT were considered reasonable. No matter how the employer wanted to fight back with OFT, they had to pay the fine and settled it in the fastest way where to stop any embarrassing matters to affect their sales figure.At the same time, the costly and time consuming case might affect the expense of both taxpayer and business as well. So the fine paid has benefitted the consumers which bring fairness of their trading. 3. 3 Compensations After Tesco had admitted selling of outdated food, it was fined by the Bracknell Magistate Court for ? 12,000, and ? 15,000 in legal fees and a ? 15 victim surcharge. The Charges were related to 88 types of food which were put on shelves for sales. Tesco had to bear for the penalty as they knew that selling of out-date-food brought harm to the public health (www. tutorcare. o. uk). In order not to repeat their mistake, they were reinforced through staff trai ning at the Bracknell store to ensure all the processes undergone strict quality control and the procedures were complied. Customers are the cause and purpose of every business. A business is supposed to serve them satisfactorily (Gavai, 2010). According to Tesco Corporate responsibility, they were running local supplier programme for the purpose of getting fresh and quality products. Therefore, the company had to enforce the programme to ensure it was running smoothly and the supplier complied with it.Employers had to bear the responsibility for the incident where there was serious problem in the management. The accused significantly spoiled the corporate image and reputation which cause the sales figure to drop. However, the employers had made a right decision for admitting the mistake and paid compensation. It significantly showed that Tesco was applying the Ethics of Justice. According to Plato (2010), justice is an order and a beauty of the parts of a whole. Justice is effectiv e coordination. It is an effective harmony of the whole.Ethics of justice can be defined as what is right and what is wrong in clear and precision. It was related to the notion of fairness. When a person is been treated unequally or deprived from what he deserved, then he was treated with injustice. Tesco realized that treating someone injustice was an immoral action, so they pledged guilty and paid fined which tend to bring fairness to the consumers as to determine this action on the criterion of rightness, which is one of the concepts in Ethics of Justice as well. Furthermore, Tesco was fined for ? 33,400 for 43 charges of selling 100 out-of-date foods at a hearing in Coventry Magistrates Court and a further of 94 charges after considering their sentenced. However, some shareholders of Tesco were present in court to show their seriousness of this matter and their concern on the case. They pledged guilty on the charges and their managers were laid off and two other employees were b eing disciplined (www. lacors. gov. uk). Employees had the responsibility to carry out their job by following the corporate system. Some of the mistakes were not being tolerated and it has brought harm to the public health.The Coventry council was pleased with the results as the sentenced brought a warning to other competitors in the same industry that the government had stand at their point for the communities was appreciated. 4. 0 Best Practices and Values According to Donald, White and Bedner (2010), value is a concept of the desirable, an internalized criterion or standard of evaluation a person possesses. Such concepts and standards are relatively few and determine or guide an individual's evaluation of many objects encountered in everyday life. Values are tinged with moral flavour involving an individual's judgement of what is good, right or desirable.Tesco has practiced several communities’ works as a return to the society and tried to deliver values to them. Corporate social responsibility is in the interest of business because, by contributing to social change, it can create a better environment for its own transactions, thereby developing business while being socially responsibly (Rendtorff and Dahl, 2009). 4. 1 Communities Works Tesco plays a vital role in the local communities by supporting them actively without preconditions. They wanted to have a good relationship with the communities in which they operated.The fundamental condition that Tesco can provide to the communities is providing good quality, affordable foods and goods, and offering job to the unemployment. Besides that, they are listening and responding to the local communities for their needs and values, carrying out the issues that matter to them positively, and improve the local area by providing lasting contributions. They regularly set up a new store in the area where the retailers or businesses had been neglected. Tesco also launched a Regeneration Partnership Programs in UK where Tesco was proud as this prompted to providing job opportunities to the long term unemployment.In May 2012, they had their first launched store under the regeneration program in Hungary at Debrecen. Hiring 100 unemployed and providing 42 with courses organized by Regional Labour Centre helped them to readjust in their routine of daily work. Tesco also gathered the local communities in a centre point for them to interact. In Turkey, Tesco Kipa Family Club offered Cooking class, Dancing class, chess and learning English Class to their 60,000 members. In addition, Tesco had over 100 schools of Extended Class in South Korea to let the customers and families to attend Arts and English Class.Presently, Tesco had over 750 communities champion working into the communities which communicated with the communities effectively. They were organizing activities such as Healthy Eating to the primary school and local school children, charity event by collection or bag packing, and also asking the staff and customers to join the events like Race for Life (www. tescoplc. com). Without doubt, values to the communities such as responsibility, accountability, concern and unity had contributed absolutely by Tesco. â€Å"Value† so understood is a very broad category.It includes all sorts of things, from personal desire like health or a sense of humor to social ideals like wealth or liberty (Weston, 2010). They are responsible to the communities by giving them quality product in affordable prices. In addition, they were giving values of accountability by organizing learning class for the communities to gain their knowledge and interests. Tesco is also concerned about the communities of the unemployment, giving priority to the unemployed for job opportunities which also gave them better future and better life.Unity of the communities is very important in local area, Tesco provided a platform for the communities to communicate, interact and work together. They looked forwa rd that every business and store were valued by the communities as they were trying hard to give interest to the communities. Tesco contributed a lot of times and fund to the community works. This demonstrates the application of Ethics of Duty. According to Kant (2010), a duty is obligatory and one has to do his duty regardless of any situation.Most of the time duty implies an action that one is expected to do as a part of society which may be neither for self-satisfaction nor for immediate happiness. Tesco knew what their prime duty to the communities was. Having a good thought is not enough but must in action. An action with potential concern showed their responsibility to the communities. 4. 2 Protecting Environment Protecting the environment is one of the important missions set by Tesco. The only way to deal with it was reducing the impact on the environment, including water and energy usage.All the suppliers have to follow the program with Tesco by reducing carbon footprint on the product and manage the water usage in all the store chain. The mission to be achieved is to become a zero-carbon business by 2050. Achieving a mission is not only in planning but practice. Tesco has converted over 100 stores to natural refrigeration across the corporate. The project in Kenya for the Lake Naivasha water stewardship helped to reduce water pollution and raised the water levels, replace transportation from lorries to rail transport which saved 15,000 tonnes of CO2e per year.Tesco had also collaborated with Unilever to create awareness amongst customers of sustainable product choices; more than 10,000 customers were advised to reduce their water footprint in Turkey. Tesco practiced by reducing in packaging and minimizing waste in their dairy operation which helped to reduce the impact on the environment. Reducing waste was the priority plan for Tesco. They used a market-leading store ordering system which helped to predict what each store chain will sell, this minimi zed waste of food accurately before it reached their customers.The programmes of minimizing the store’s operational waste started running since 2009 throughout the world’s store chain. They did not send any wastage from the UK store to the landfill. If the wasted were unable to recycle then it will be converted into other sources of energy. In China, cardboard and wasted oil in the stores had been fully recycled. In Poland, in order to increase the rate of recycling, they have conducted an audit of waste segregation in stores. In Malaysia, they encouraged the employees to recycle by launching a weekly league table to record who recycled the most.In US, they sent their waste food to the food bank for those who needed to reduce the wastage. And lastly in Slovakia, they donated the waste food the Hunter’s association for feeding animals. The materials used for product packing were the lightest weight and sustainable and also gave opportunities for recycling. Since 2007, Tesco have reduced the packaging of own-brand product more than 15% in UK, which included cutting glass usage by 420 tonnes annually when producing their own label Champagne. They also changed traditional packaging of toys to new packaging reduction technique that brought 15% reduction.In UK, Tesco also has commitments with WRAP’s Courtauld 2 (Waste and Resource Action Programme) to reduce the packaging waste by 2012. The commitments included the reduction of weight, recycled content of grocery packaging to be increased, rates of recycling to be increased, and carbon impact to be lowered by 10%, reduction of 4% for the UK household food and drink, and reduction of 5% for the products and packaging waste in the supply chains (www. tescoplc. com). Caring for the environment brings value of duty, love, hope, and comfort. Tesco has carried out their duty towards the society by committing on wastage reduction.All the resources taken from the earth and environment were fully utilized and the balances were recycled. This duty is belonging to everyone; therefore Tesco has taken it into priority. Tesco also showed the values of love. In terms of loving the earth, loving the environment, and loving each others in the world by saving the resources such as water. Human being is unable to live without water. Tesco knew the seriousness so they ran several programmes on reducing the usage of water. Tesco is giving Hope to the society as well, saving resources in order to prevent resources shortage, and climate changing.Value of hope is generating with these practices to the people. Living in harmony and secure which may concern for the next generation as well. With the clean environment, the values of comfort arise and the people can feel that they are living in a peaceful world. This is the main objective achieved by Tesco. A comfort lifestyle may bring positive thinking to the people, staying with tolerance and forgiveness. Tesco has significantly practiced et hical theory of right for the programme. According to William Sbaw (2010), a right is an entitlement to act or have other acts in a certain way.Everyone has a right in doing certain action and simultaneously expecting others not to deprive its right. However, others also possess a right to disagree to the action, but they cannot dismiss it. Tesco promoted the protecting environment programme and has prompted to let the communities knew that they had the right to live harmony. Right and Duty are correlated as that our prime duty is to protect the rights of people (Gavai, 2010). Tesco has the duty of giving fairness to the society and the communities have the right to enjoy the fair treatment. 5. Conclusion Business ethics is important for a corporate because it brings significant benefits and advantages. Corporation with good business ethics prompt to have good image and reputation in the market, which assist to create market awareness and promote sales easily. Furthermore, a corpora tion best practice such as corporate social responsibility is also very crucial which to protect the employees and communities’ welfare, corporation may enjoy benefits for itself also because a good corporate social responsibility may create loyalty of an employee.A loyal and committted employee will stay with the corporation constantly and increase productivity, which can reduce labour turnover as well. Whereas, Tesco, as one of the biggest retailers in the world, which cover business internationally (refer Appendix II for International business Chart), they realize the importance of these and working hard to practice good ethical behavior, create value for the communities and providing moral decision to settle the ethical dilemma to ensure the stakeholder and communities can enjoy the benefits.

Analysis Of The Neckless And The Bet - 1118 Words

Dialogue used in both short stories which are â€Å"The Neckless† and â€Å"The bet† reveal the function that reveals the aspect of the characters by showing their thinking,feelings,behavior. In the story of the necklace there are 2 main characters that show their feelings and also their thoughts and behavior. To begin with in the story Mathilde thinking she was beautiful and that she didn’t deserve to be a poor person because of her beauty. I know this because in the text it states â€Å" he was one of those pretty and charming girls born, as though fate had blundered over her, into a family of artisans. She had no marriage portion, no expectations, no means of getting known, understood, loved, and wedded by a man of wealth and†¦show more content†¦I know this because in the text it states â€Å" Next day she went to see her friend and told her her trouble. Madame Forestier went to her dressing-table, took up a large box, brought it to Madame Loisel, opened it, and said Choose, my dear. First she saw some bracelets, then a pearl necklace, then a Venetian cross in gold and gems, of exquisite workmanship. She tried the effect of the jewels befo re the mirror, hesitating, unable to make up her mind to leave them, to give them up. She kept on asking: Havent you anything else? Yes. Look for yourself. I dont know what you would like best. Suddenly she discovered, in a black satin case, a superb diamond necklace; her heart began to beat covetously. Her hands trembled as she lifted it. She fastened it round her neck, upon her high dress, and remained in ecstasy at sight of herself.† In â€Å"The Bet† one character shows how she feels about the raffle they have in the beginning because they killed whoever won. Through the story he thought that money was worth losing 15 years of life and being alone but changes after 15 years of loneliness. To start with a lawyer and a Banker were arguing that people would rather stay 15 years in a little house with out talking to someone and going outside and also would get 2 million dollars if he finished. I know this

Marketing Plan for Entrepreneur - 10970 Words

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF BUSINESS Chair of Management and Marketing COURSE PAPER Written for the â€Å"Business Organization† course on the topic: â€Å"MARKETING PLAN FOR ENTREPRENEUR† Prepare by: 3rd year student Full time, group MN – 0901; C.A. Sankova Checked by: Houman Sanandaji, Senior Lecturer Almaty 2010 Content INTRODUCTION. 5 Chapter 1. THE ESSENCE, TECHNIQUES AND STRATEGIES OF MARKETING PLAN AND ITS CONTROL 6 1.1 The concept and the essence of marketing. 6 1.2 Components of marketing research. 7 1.3 Stages of†¦show more content†¦The object of study is the Zhambil Library, which is the non profit enterprise strongly in need of active marketing promotion. I conducted a situational analysis, analysis of the competitive environment, and presents data on the characteristics of overall library’s activity. 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Drug Abuse And Addiction Drugs - 977 Words

Drug abuse/addiction Jeremy Graham May 11, 2015 Period, 5 Drug abuse and addiction Drug abuse/addiction is a major problem in Indiana that affects many individual. Several solutions such as rehab and drug classes have been tried. Yet, the best solution is taking drug classes. Many people do not understand why people become addicted to drugs or how drugs change the brain to foster compulsive drug abuse. They mistakenly view drug abuse and addiction as strictly a social problem and may characterize those who take drugs as morally weak. One very common belief is that drug abusers should be able to just stop taking drugs if they are only willing to change their behavior. Drug addiction is a chronic, often relapsing brain disease that causes compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences to the drug addict and those around them. Drug addiction is a brain disease because the abuse of drugs leads to changes in the structure and function of the brain. Although it is true that for most people the initial decision to take dru gs is voluntary, over time the changes in the brain caused by repeated drug abuse could affect a person s self-control and ability to make sound decisions, and at the same time create an intense impulse to take drugs. It is because of these changes in the brain that it is so challenging for a person who is addicted to stop abusing drugs. Fortunately, there are treatments that help people to counteract addiction sShow MoreRelatedDrug Abuse And Drug Addiction1257 Words   |  6 Pages Drugs had been existing since the early 15th century and society has confronted drug abuse and addiction ever since. In the modern world, drug abuse has become a problem for many individuals do to traumatic experiences, mental disorders, peer pressure and personal problems. For every addiction there is always a solution, professional assistance can help a drug addict get control of his/her life once again. Drug rehabilitation programs can be essential for drug addicts only if the victims are committedRead MoreDrug Addiction : Drugs And Drug Abuse Essay1615 Words   |  7 Pages this drug is extremely addictive and has been illegal in the United States for many years. Although many individuals seem to discover a way to obtain this very lethal drug. Even though, heroin is highly addictive and used by choice by an individual with a drug addiction; the number of deaths from Heroin is escalating daily, to the point where more than 26 overdoses in one day maybe even more. This epidemic n eeds to be put to a halt. Despite the fact the focus was on prescription addiction increaseRead MoreDrug Addiction And Drug Abuse1401 Words   |  6 PagesAn Essay on Drug Addiction and Drug Abuse Introduction: The terms drug addiction and drug abuse are often used interchangeably. However, they are in fact two separate situations. Drug abuse generally leads a person down the path toward drug addiction, but not every individual who abuses drugs becomes an addict. The definition of drug abuse continues to change because the term is subjective and infused with the political and moral values of the society or culture one lives in. An exampleRead MoreDrug Abuse And Drug Addiction775 Words   |  4 Pages Drug Abuse Treatment 6.15 6.23 6.49 6.73 7.21 7.55 7.66 7.85 7.89 8.83 Percentage of Total Funding 30.9% 30.2% 29.9% 30.8% 29.0% 30.7% 31.4% 32.0% 31.3% 35.0% Drug Abuse Prevention 2.04 1.96 1.93 1.84 1.95 1.56 1.48 1.34 1.28 1.28 Percentage of Total Funding 10.3% 9.5% 8.9% 8.4% 7.8% 6.3% 6.1% 5.5% 5.1% 5.1% Total Demand Reduction 8.19 8.19 8.43 8.57 9.16 9.11 9.14 9.19 9.16 10.10 Percentage of Total Funding 41.2% 39.7% 38Read MoreDrug Abuse and Addiction851 Words   |  4 PagesDrug Abuse and Addiction, Problems amp; Solutions in Turkey Drug Abuse and Addiction, Problems amp; Solutions in Turkey Abdullah Furkan Kaya Ä °stanbul Åžehir University 30.4.2012 Drug abuse is an addiction, which has different substance types and can ruin people’s life or even cause death. People use it for variety of reasons such as getting away from their bothers or getting high. Approximately 200 million people abusing drugs, most of them are addicted in the world. This number isRead MorePaper Drug Abuse Drug Addiction1403 Words   |  6 PagesKeisha Ellis Drug Abuse Drug Addiction SOC 203 Social Problems Instructor Ely May 11, 2015 Numerous individuals do not comprehend why individuals get to be dependent on drugs or how drugs can change the mind to cultivate enthusiastic drug abuse. They erroneously view drug misuse and dependence as entirely a social issue and may describe the individuals who take drugs as ethically powerless (Alving, Matyas, Torres, Jalah, Beck, 2014). One extremely regular belief is that drugs abusersRead MoreDrug Abuse And Addiction1261 Words   |  6 PagesDrug Abuse and Addiction Individuals are well on the way to begin drug abuse including alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and many more drugs which are illegal. It has been seen that most affected category falls under the effect of drug abuse is adolescence and young adulthood. The percentage of senior students during their high school, who will have tried alcohol is 70 percent in the ratio and 40 percent of them start smoking and nearly 20 percent of them start taking prescription drugs. (National InstituteRead MoreDrug Abuse And The Consequences Of Drug Addiction1593 Words   |  7 PagesDrug addiction has become prevalent in our societies today such as the use of heroin. Using Marc, Lewis (2011) text â€Å"Memoirs of an Addicted Brain: A Neuroscientist Examines his Former Life on Drugs† this paper focuses on drug abuse, heroin, and the consequences that the users face as they battle their addiction and related problems. In the text, chapter 8 provides a significant background and overview of Heroin as a drug, hence major section of this paper will rely on facts provided within this chapterRead MoreAddiction : Drug Abuse, Tolerance, And Addiction2246 Words   |  9 PagesAddiction is a worldwide disease that is not discriminatory against whom it affects. People take drugs because they want to change something in their lives; â€Å"They thinks drugs are a solution. But eventually, drugs become the problem† (â€Å"Truth About Drug Addiction†). This leads people to wonder, What is addiction? Are there treatments for addiction? There are four common steps on the pathway to addiction: drug abuse, tolerance, dependence, and last but not least addiction. (Advert: Substance AbuseRead MoreDrug Addiction And Substance Abuse1808 Words   |  8 Pageshas taken over their life? Addiction includes biological, psychological, and behavioral factors. It is very dangerous emotionally, psychologically, and physically. Drug addiction or substance abuse is an ongoing uncontrollable nee d to use drugs, despite the harmful or negative consequences it causes. The person depends on drugs to keep functioning normally as the natural chemical balance of the brain is altered. No matter the reason a person starts abusing drugs, either for excitement, escape

Air Transportation history Free Essays

Since the invention of air planes few decades ago, air travelling has become famous among travellers. When the air transportation was first introduced in 1903 by the Wright Brothers, many people could not travel using it because it was expensive. But after few decades, technology has improved and air transportation is being widely used all around the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Air Transportation history or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most of the countries has built airports and has their own airline companies. Today, due to rivalry among airline companies air travelling has become much cheaper. As a result, cheap air travelling has advantages and disadvantages for us, our country and to the world. Firstly, the main benefit of cheap air travel is that it is cheap. So it allows all the people to travel around the world. Those days only the rich people could use air travelling, but now even the ordinary people also can use it to travel, pursue their studies, do business, and go for a vacation. It is not surprising that most people wish to travel to distant land, a country far away but travelling cost lots of money. So the people need to reconsider their travel plans since flight rates are way too high back then. Today, due to competition among airline companies, they are offering cheap flight rates that consumers like us could afford. It also helps maintain long distance relationship. Before the IT technology is developed, air transportation is the only option people who live on the other end the world keep in touch with their loved ones. Although cheap air travel allows everybody to travel, air planes causes air pollution and sound pollution. Since air planes burns hydrocarbon fuel, it releases greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. The greenhouse gases causes global warming and the effects of global warming is polar ice caps melting, increased probability and intensity of droughts and heat waves, warmer waters and more hurricanes, spread of diseases and economic consequences. Air planes also causes sound pollution which effects hearing impairment, hypertension, heart diseases and annoyance sleep disturbance. Furthermore, the chances of surviving when a plane crash is lower than any other transportation. In addition, most of the airports are build outside of the city,so once the people get off the plane, they still need to travel to reach the city. Finally, cheap air travel also saves time. Long ago people travel using horses, camels, elephants, boats and ships but it takes days to reach a place. Now, air travel helps us to reach a far place or country just in hours. Besides that, air transportation enerates almost 32 million jobs annually and contributes almost 7. 5 percents of the world’s GDP which is a huge profit. Moreover, air transportation is the fastest worldwide transport system which is one the key factor of economic growth. In conclusion, cheap air travel saves time and money for the people and increases the economic growth in our country although it causes air pollution. So, the government should some solution to neutralise the greenhouse gases released by planes which causes global housewarming. How to cite Air Transportation history, Essay examples

Contemporary Indigenous Health and Wellbeing - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Contemporary Indigenous Health and Wellbeing. Answer: The Aboriginal and Torres Islander population are known to face poor health conditions, as indicated by statistical data. Based on such information different policies have been set up to guide optimal care service delivery for this population. The present essay is based on the case study of nursing care provided to Judy, a 57yr old Aboriginal woman with type 2 Diabetes. The paper provides a brief explanation of the Closing the Gap (CTG) policy together with the significance of the policy in health outcomes of Aboriginal and Torres Islander Population. Challenges and barriers affecting the changes are cited. The essay then analyses the impact of Judys Diabetes and how it can be addressed within CTG encompassing social and health determinants. The benefits that Judy would gain from being registered on CTG would form the next section of the essay, including the impact on her social determinants. The implication for AMS and ALO services for the patient would be highlighted next, which wo uld include the relationship between the health systems. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population contribute to about three percent of the total population in Australia, and eighty percent of this population lives in metropolitan and regional areas. Research indicates that this section of the population has higher rates of chronic diseases as compared to the non-indigenous population. There is an immediate need of focusing on adequate prevention and management of chronic diseases so that the gap in life expectancy can be closed (Cross, Barnett and Dennis 2017) Further, Aboriginal people are expected to die 10 years earlier than non-Aboriginal Australians. On average, Aboriginal males live 67.2 years, which is 11.5 years less than their non-Aboriginal peers; women live 72.9 years, 9.7 years less than the non-Aboriginal peers (aihw.gov.au 2017). Such data, highlighting the poor health conditions of the aboriginal population drew the attention of the health care authorities and formed the basis of distinct policies. The Closing the Gap (CTG) policy is a well known strategy put forward by the government that has the aim of reducing the disadvantage and discrimination among the Aboriginal and Torres Islander people in relation to life expectancy, early childhood education, child mortality, employment outcomes and educational achievement. This policy came into existence in the year 2008 as a response to the call of Social justice report published in 2005, and the Close the Gap social justice campaign. The government has aimed that the country would be achieving equality in life expectancy and health status between Aboriginal and non-indigenous population by the end of the year 2030. The policy had been formed with the motto of encouraging individuals of the nation to work side by side with Aboriginal and Torres Islander people on the quest of reconciliation and recognition, for building a promising future for all individuals. At the core of the policy lies the aim to have a better Australia by achi eving significant milestones in the connexion between the Australian government and the Aboriginal population. The policy addresses areas of education, health and employment where progress is to be made on an immediate basis. Effective mechanisms are put in place for working in collaboration and supporting decision making at the community level (closingthegappolicyreport 2017). The importance of culture is not to be underestimated while working in collaboration with this population. It is true that the link with culture, family and land lies at the core of wellbeing of the Aboriginal people. The culture of this population is distinct and continuous. Acknowledging the impact of the past policies, the present policy focuses on addressing the gaps generated by previous initiatives. Engagement of the aboriginal population into community services has been a key issue, and therefore the policy focuses on supporting ownership and fostering a partnership of the Aboriginal people with the go vernment (humanrights.gov.au 2017). The policy has had a positive impact on the health outcomes of the Aboriginal and Torres Islander people. Between 20052007 and 20102012, Indigenous life expectancy at birth increased by 0.6 years for girls and by 1.6 years for boys. Over the same period, the gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous life expectancy narrowed by 0.8 years for males and 0.1 years for females. There has been a major improvement in Indigenous mortality rate from chronic diseases, especially circulatory diseases which is the leading cause of death. This was a noteworthy achievement. Over the longer term, Indigenous child mortality rates have declined, and the gap has narrowed between 1998 and 2015. In 2016, the overall attendance rate for Indigenous students nationally was 83.4 per cent, compared with 93.1 per cent for non-Indigenous students. While considerable progress has been achieved in terms of Aboriginal health, challenges have been faced while bringing about the change. These barriers have been rel ated to rising rate of domestic violence, substance abuse and increased crime rate (Willis, Reynolds and Keleher 2016). Moreover, there has been politics in setting up public policy goals as the present targets. Determined targets are known to be the cause of a transparent signal of commitment in the political front. The risk with targets that are overambitious is that if the targets are not achievable, then a political message is reinforced, highlighting that the government is not efficient enough (Davidson 2014). Diabetes is a chronic disease that is the cause of multiple macro and micro complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy and extreme fatigue. Some of the well-noted complications include impaired physical functioning, increased risk of falls and deficits in postural stability. The loss of physical independence has a major negative impact on the quality of life of the patient. Foot ulcers are a serious and common complication of diabetes that requires effective management strategy implementation (Chow et al. 2014). In the present case, Judy has been diagnosed with Diabetes and has suffered leg ulcer as a major complication. The foreseeable complication that would impact her life is impaired mobility and social exclusion. Further, since her she lives alone, and is aged, it is likely that she would face difficulty in carrying out daily activities of life. Lastly, Judy is at high risk of facing social exclusion since she is living alone in her home, with minimal social support (Mondesir et al. 2015). CTG, within the initiative of Healthy Lives focuses on improvement of health and wellbeing of aboriginals since the perception is that health is more than the mere physical condition. It is emotional, social, spiritual and social wellbeing of the individual. The policy has initiatives for a healthy lifestyle and diabetes teams that educate patients on the prevention and management of diabetes. The teams focus on one-on-one interaction with patients for fostering an open discussion about diabetes management. The education emphasises on educating about the importance of healthy lifestyle and healthy diet (closingthegappolicyreport 2017). Engaging Judy with CTG would potentially benefit her in the short term as well as long term. The registration with CTG would ensure that services are provided to empower Judy, who is being perceived as a vulnerable and disadvantaged individual. The key gain would be social support provided to the patient and her family members so that they demonstrate adequate self-management systems (Baek, Tanenbaum, and Gonzalez 2014). The social determinants of health that are relevant to the present scenario are culture, access to medical care, and social support. With the help of CTG initiatives, Judy would be provided with services that are culturally sensitive and safe in the context of respecting the dignity of the cultural beliefs and attitudes of the individual. Judy would be better placed to access healthcare services to management diabetes and leg ulcer (Gao et al. 2013). Aboriginal Liasion Officer (ALO) is the professional responsible for ensuring that the Aboriginal and Torres Islander individuals are able to access mainstream healthcare services. The person is capable of providing emotional, cultural and social support to patients and family members when the person is suffering from poor health outcomes. This is important since Judy has been suffering from diabetes and associated health complication that is leg ulcer, and she requires social support. Her family members, that is her children, are also in the need of proper guidance regarding patient management strategies. Information about healthcare services is provided by ALO, who act as the link between hospital and other indigenous community resources. This is crucial since Judy would be in the need of additional resources for managing diabetes, which demands regular health checkups (McKenna et al. 2015). The Aboriginal Medical Service (AMS) had been set up as the first Aboriginal community controlled health service in Australia in the year 1971. The service aims at improving the health standards in Aboriginal communities across the country. A number of diabetes service are known to provide management support to aboriginal people in the country. The diabetes service agencies work in collaboration with the AMS to provide coordinated care to diabetic patients. Through AMS, Judy would be delivered individualistic care with the support of specialists and GPS working in collaboration (Govil et al. 2014). At the end of the essay, it is to be stated that Aboriginal and Torres Islander peoples health status is a key concern for the country as there exists a considerable gap between the outcomes of the aboriginal and non-aboriginal population. A number of initiatives have been taken up by the government that chiefly focuses on delivering adequate care to this community in collaboration with distinct agencies. Oe such noteworthy initiative is the Close The Gap (CTG) policy that aims at achieving significant milestones in establishing a relationship between the government and the aboriginals. Healthcare is responsible for providing culturally sensitive and safe care to patient population coming from ethnically diverse communities. Aboriginal patients, suffering from chronic conditions such as diabetes, can be better cared for by including them under the CTG. Commitment towards unbiased and discrimination-free healthcare service delivery would soon bring desired outcomes in the future. Reference Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2017).Life expectancy. [online] Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/life-expectancy-death/deaths-in-australia/contents/life-expectancy [Accessed 20 Dec. 2017]. Baek, R.N., Tanenbaum, M.L. and Gonzalez, J.S., 2014. Diabetes burden and diabetes distress: The buffering effect of social support.Annals of Behavioral Medicine,48(2), pp.145-155. Chow, E., Bernjak, A., Williams, S., Fawdry, R.A., Hibbert, S., Freeman, J., Sheridan, P.J. and Heller, S.R., 2014. Risk of cardiac arrhythmias during hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk.Diabetes,63(5), pp.1738-1747. Closing The Gap Prime Ministers Report 2017. (2017). Australian Government. Cross, D.M.G., Barnett, T. and Dennis, S.L., 2017. Expanding horizons: Using virtual orientation tours to promote rural, remote and Aboriginal health. In35th Annual CRANAplus Conference. Davidson, H. (2014). Close the Gap and Closing the Gap whats the difference?.The Guardian. [online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/blog/2014/feb/12/close-the-gap-and-closing-the-gap-whats-the-differen [Accessed 20 Dec. 2017]. Gao, J., Wang, J., Zheng, P., Haardrfer, R., Kegler, M.C., Zhu, Y. and Fu, H., 2013. Effects of self-care, self-efficacy, social support on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes.BMC family practice,14(1), p.66. Govil, D., Lin, I., Dodd, T., Cox, R., Moss, P., Thompson, S. and Maiorana, A., 2014. Identifying culturally appropriate strategies for coronary heart disease secondary prevention in a regional Aboriginal Medical Service.Australian journal of primary health,20(3), pp.266-272. Humanrights.gov.au. (2017).Close the Gap: Indigenous Health Campaign | Australian Human Rights Commission. [online] Available at: https://www.humanrights.gov.au/our-work/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-social-justice/projects/close-gap-indigenous-health [Accessed 20 Dec. 2017]. McKenna, B., Fernbacher, S., Furness, T. and Hannon, M., 2015. Cultural brokerage and beyond: piloting the role of an urban Aboriginal Mental Health Liaison Officer.BMC public health,15(1), p.881. Mondesir, F.L., White, K., Liese, A.D. and McLain, A.C., 2015. Gender, illness-related diabetes social support, and glycemic control among middle-aged and older adults.Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences,71(6), pp.1081-1088. Willis, E., Reynolds, L. and Keleher, H. eds., 2016.Understanding the Australian health care system. Elsevier Health Sciences.